12. Mawer M. Observational practice in virtual worlds: Revisiting and expanding the methodological discussion // International journal of social research methodology. – 2016. – Vol. 19, N 2. – P. 161–176. – DOI: 10.1080/13645579.2014.936738; Mode of access: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13645579.2104.936738
13. McNeese M. The phenomenal basis of human factors: Situating and distributing cognition within real-world activities // Journal of cognitive engineering and decision making. – 2016. – Vol. 10, N 2. – P. 116–119. – DOI: 10.1177/1555343416653703; Mode of access: http://edm.sagepub.com/content/10/2/116/
14. Nachane D. Methodology of the social sciences in the age of complexity: Unity, autonomy or integration? // Journal of interdisciplinary economics. – 2016. – Vol. 27, N 1. – P. 1–32. – DOI: 10.1177/0260107914560864; Mode of access: http://jie.sagepub.com/content/27/1/1/
15. Pelt van J. Toward a Polanyian critique of technology: Attending from the indwelling of tools to the Course of technological civilization // Bulletin of science, technology & society. – 2011. – Vol. 31, N 3. – Р. 236–246. DOI: 10.1177/0270467611406518; Mode of access: http://bst.sugepub.com/content/31/3/236
16. Pohl Ch. What is progress in transdisciplinary research // Трансдисциплинарность в философии и науке: Подходы, проблемы, перспективы / Под ред. В. Бажанова, Р.В. Шольца. – М.: Издательский дом «Навигатор», 2015. – 564 с. – С. 451–468.
17. Rip A. Folk theories of nanotechnologies // Science as culture. – L., 2006. – Vol. 15, N 4. – P. 349–365.
18. Roth W.-M. Cultural practices and cognition in debriefing // Journal of cognitive engineering and decision making. – 2015. – Vol. 9, N 3. – P. 263–278. – DOI: 10.1177/1555343415591395; Mode of access: http://edm.sagepub.com/content/9/3/263/
19. Online information search performance and search strategies in a health problem-solving scenario / Sharit J., Taya J., Berkowsky R., Czaja S. // Journal of cognitive engineering and decision making. – 2015. – Vol. 9, N 3. – P. 211–228. – DOI: 10.1177/1555343415583747; Mode of access: http://edm.sagepub.com/content/9/3/211/
20. Sullivan H. Unbalanced nature, unbounded bodies, and unlimited technology: Ecocriticism and Karen Traviss’ wess’har series // Bulletin of science, technology & society. – 2010. – Vol. 30, N 4. – P. 274–284. – DOI: 10.1177/0270467610373821; Mode of access: http://bst.sagepub.com/content/30/4/274
Фундаментальная наука в обществе знаний
Т.В. Андрианова, А.И. Ракитов
Аннотация. Развитие общества, основанного на знаниях, привело к преобразованию структуры науки. Она стала коллективной, коммерциализированной, подверженной фальсификациям и мошенничеству, открытой к СМИ и зависящей от СМИ. Сомнению подвергается даже такое основополагающее понятие, как научный эксперимент. Насколько успешно сможет наука справиться с подобными вызовами, настолько успешным будет и дальнейшее развитие общества.
Abstract. Society based on knowledge leads to reformation of the structure of science. The science has become collective, commercialized, inclined to frauds and falsifications, open to mass press and depended on it. Even such fundamental notion as scientific experiment is doubted. As successful the science could manage with these challenges as successful would be its further development.
Ключевые слова: общество знаний; наука; теория; эксперимент; коллективность; коммерциализация; мошенничество; фальсификация; СМИ.
Keywords: knowledge society; science; theory; experiment; command work; commercialization; fraud; falsification; mass-media in science; grants in science.